Kennel cough, scientifically referred to as Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex (CIRDC), is a highly contagious respiratory infection that affects dogs. It is characterized by a persistent, dry cough, often accompanied by retching and nasal discharge, making it distressing for both dogs and their owners.

At Palisades Veterinary Hospital, we are dedicated to helping pet owners understand, prevent, and treat kennel cough effectively. For a more in-depth look at this condition, visit the AVMA’s guide on kennel cough.

What is Kennel Cough?

Kennel cough is an inflammation of the upper respiratory tract caused by a combination of bacterial and viral infections. The most common culprits include:

  • Bordetella bronchiseptica (a primary bacterial cause)
  • Canine parainfluenza virus
  • Canine adenovirus type 2

Because kennel cough symptoms can resemble other respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia or tracheal collapse, a proper veterinary diagnosis is essential.

Causes and Transmission of Kennel Cough

Kennel cough spreads through direct and indirect contact with infected dogs, including:

  • Airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing
  • Shared water bowls, toys, and bedding
  • Close contact in high-traffic dog areas (boarding kennels, dog parks, grooming salons)

Dogs that frequently socialize in communal environments are at a higher risk. Puppies, senior dogs, and immunocompromised dogs may experience more severe symptoms.

Diagnosing Kennel Cough at Palisades Veterinary Hospital

Diagnosis starts with a comprehensive physical examination and detailed history of your dog’s symptoms and recent interactions. In some cases, additional tests such as:

  • Radiographs (X-rays) – To rule out pneumonia or a collapsed trachea
  • Tracheal wash or PCR testing – To confirm the presence of bacterial or viral pathogens

Early diagnosis is key to preventing complications.

Prevention: How to Protect Your Dog from Kennel Cough

The best way to reduce the risk of kennel cough is vaccination. The Bordetella vaccine, often combined with parainfluenza and adenovirus vaccines, is recommended for dogs that frequent boarding facilities, grooming salons, or dog parks.

Additional Preventive Measures

  • Regular Vaccinations: Keep your dog up to date with Bordetella and core vaccines.
  • Hygiene Practices: Clean bowls, leashes, and bedding regularly to prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses.
  • Limit Exposure: Avoid high-risk areas during kennel cough outbreaks.
  • Strengthen Immunity: Provide a balanced diet and regular exercise to boost your dog’s natural defenses.

Treatment Options for Kennel Cough

Most cases of kennel cough are mild and resolve on their own within 1-3 weeks. However, treatment may be necessary to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.

Veterinary Treatment

  • Cough suppressants – Help relieve persistent coughing.
  • Antibiotics – Used if a secondary bacterial infection is suspected.
  • Anti-inflammatories – Reduce airway irritation and swelling.

At-Home Care for Kennel Cough

  • Humidified air – Running a humidifier can soothe irritated airways.
  • Rest and hydration – Ensure your dog has plenty of fluids and a quiet recovery space.
  • Harness instead of a collar – Avoid pressure on the trachea to reduce irritation.

For severe or persistent symptoms, schedule a follow-up visit to prevent secondary infections.

Special Considerations for High-Risk Dogs

Dogs with pre-existing respiratory conditions, such as Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS), may experience worsened kennel cough symptoms. Short-nosed breeds like Bulldogs, Pugs, and Boston Terriers require extra monitoring.

For more information on BOAS and respiratory health, visit Cornell Vet’s guide.

Long-Term Health Management After Kennel Cough

Once your dog recovers from kennel cough, monitor their respiratory health to prevent future infections.

Post-Recovery Tips

  • Schedule Follow-Ups – Ensure full recovery and prevent complications.
  • Watch for Symptoms – Monitor for relapses or lingering coughs.
  • Maintain Good Hygiene – Regularly disinfect toys, bedding, and shared spaces.

Our team at Palisades Veterinary Hospital is dedicated to supporting your dog’s long-term respiratory health.

FAQs About Kennel Cough

How long does kennel cough last?

Mild cases last 1-3 weeks, but recovery may take longer in older or immunocompromised dogs.

Is kennel cough contagious to other pets?

Yes, kennel cough spreads easily among dogs but does not affect cats or humans in most cases.

Are vaccines 100% effective?

Vaccines significantly reduce the risk but may not prevent all strains of kennel cough.

What should I expect during a vet visit for kennel cough?

A physical exam, discussion of symptoms, and possibly diagnostic tests to rule out other respiratory conditions.

Resources and Further Reading

For additional information on kennel cough and respiratory diseases, explore:

Protect Your Dog from Kennel Cough with Preventive Care

Kennel cough is common but preventable with proper vaccinations, hygiene, and early treatment. At Palisades Veterinary Hospital, we offer comprehensive care plans to keep your dog healthy and protected.

Schedule an appointment today to discuss your dog’s vaccination and respiratory health needs.